Top 25 areas of specialization for a lawyer in India

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We received a lot of queries at our Instagram page, students asking about various areas of specialization for a lawyer.

The areas of specialisation are based on your interest. But, does this thing has to do anything with your subject selection in law school?

Of course NOT!

A few years of the theoretical learning does mean that you need to have that area of work. At most times, you will explore your key areas as you get exposed to the practical real work. At that time, you may find a totally different area for yourself and start pursuing it.

The field of law is very vast and so are the areas. Here is a list that introduces you to the works:

Administrative Law

Administrative matters are to be resolved pursuant to administrative procedure in administrative court. Complaints and protests concerning an order, directive, prescript or legislation issued under public law by an institution, official or another person performing public administrative functions in order to regulate an individual case are to be resolved in administrative court. Administrative proceedings can also be commenced with regard to the activity, failure to act or delayed action of an institution, official or another person performing public administrative functions under public law.

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR), external dispute resolution (EDR), typically denotes a wide range of dispute resolution processes and techniques that act as a means for disagreeing parties had not to come to an agreement short of litigation: a collective term for the ways that parties can settle disputes.

Aviation Law 

Aviation law is the branch of law that concerns flight, air travel, and associated legal and business concerns. Some of its area of concern overlaps that of admiralty law and, in many cases, aviation law is considered a matter of international law due to the nature of air travel. However, the business aspects of airlines and their regulation also fall under aviation law.

Banking and Finance Law

Banking and finance law focuses on the contractual relationship between lenders and borrowers. In all financial transactions, the main aim is to negotiate and manage this relationship to ensure the represented party’s interests are met both legally and commercially.

Competition Law

Competition law is a law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies. Competition law is implemented through public and private enforcement

Constitutional Law

Constitutional law regulates the form of the public order and the administrative division of the territory; the status and role of the holder of the highest public authority, human rights; the primary elements of the public system (such as the parliament), their function, legal manner, structure, competence, and the bases and procedure of their formation (for example election procedure), as well as relations with the other elements of the public system (like the local government).

Legislative drafting and the implementation of law are also subject to constitutional law. The number and nature of constitutional rules differ by country and are largely dependent on the form of government of the state.

Contract Law

Contract law is the body of law that relates to making and enforcing agreements. Contract law governs the legality of agreements made between two or more parties when there is an exchange of some sort intended to take place. In nearly all business transactions, contracts are made; such agreements in business include bills of sale, purchase orders, and employment agreements.

Corporate Law

Corporate law is the body of laws, rules, regulations and practices that govern the formation and operation of corporations. It’s the body of law that regulates legal entities that exist to conduct business. The laws touch on the rights and obligations of all of the people involved with forming, owning, operating and managing a corporation.

Criminal Law

Criminal law is the body of law that defines criminal offenses, regulates the apprehension, charging, and trial of suspected persons, and fixes penalties and modes of treatment applicable to convicted offenders.

Criminal law is only one of the devices by which organized societies protect the security of individual interests and ensure the survival of the group.

Criminal Litigation

Criminal litigation refers to the process of trying a criminal defendant in a court of law. Criminal litigators come in two varieties: criminal prosecutors, who present the government’s case against the defendant, and criminal defense attorneys, who represent the interests of the defendant.

Civil Litigation

Civil litigation is the process in which civil matters are resolved in a court of law. Civil matters can be described as situations dealing with relationships between people, such as a marriage, or a contract dispute between corporations.

Environmental Law

Environmental law, principles, policies, directives, and regulations are enacted and enforced by local, national, or international entities to regulate human treatment of the nonhuman world. Environmental law is a collective term encompassing aspects of the law that provide protection to the environment. A related but distinct set of regulatory regimes, now strongly influenced by environmental legal principles, focus on the management of specific natural resources, such as forests, minerals, or fisheries.

Family Law

Family law is the body of law regulating family relationships, including marriage and divorce, the treatment of children, and related economic matters. Family law (also called matrimonial law or the law of domestic relations) is an area of the law that deals with family matters and domestic relations.

Human Rights

Human rights are the basic rights and freedoms that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death. They apply regardless of where you are from, what you believe or how you choose to live your life. They can never be taken away, although they can sometimes be restricted, if a person breaks the law, or in the interests of national security. These basic rights are based on shared values like dignity, fairness, equality, respect and independence. These values are defined and protected by law.

International Commercial Law

International Commercial Law is a body of legal rules, conventions, treaties, domestic legislation and commercial customs or usages that governs international commercial or business transactions. A transaction will qualify to be international if elements of more than one country are involved.

Intellectual Property Rights

IPR provide certain exclusive rights to the inventors or creators of that property, in order to enable them to reap commercial benefits from their creative efforts or reputation. There are several types of intellectual property protection like patent, copyright, trademark, etc. 

Labour Law

Labour law mediates the relationship between workers, employing entities, trade unions and the government. Collective labour law relates to the tripartite relationship between employee, employer and union. Individual labour law concerns employees’ rights at work also through the contract for work.

Maritime Law

Maritime law is a body of law that governs nautical issues and private maritime disputes. Admiralty law consists of both domestic law on maritime activities, and private international law governing the relationships between private parties operating or using ocean-going ships.

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A)

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) is a branch of corporate law dealing with companies that are purchasing and/or merging with other companies. M&A lawyers assist their clients with the appropriate financing for mergers and acquisitions and provide advice concerning the drafting, negotiation, and performance of contracts for the sale of portions of the business.

Public International Law

Public International Law is composed of the laws, rules, and principles of general application that deal with the conduct of nation-states and international organisations among themselves as well as the relationships between nation-states and international organisations with persons, whether natural or juridical.

Real Estate and Real Property Law

Real estate and real property law are the rules that govern land and the structures on it. Real estate law directly and indirectly impacts landlords, homebuyers, home sellers, renters and anyone who is using real property. 

Sports Law

Sports law is an amalgam of laws that apply to athletes and the sports they play. It is not a single legal topic with generally applicable principles. Sports law touches on a variety of matters, including Contract, Tort, agency, antitrust, constitutional, labor, Trademark, Sex Discrimination, Criminal, and Tax issues. Some laws depend on the status of the athlete, some laws differ according to the sport, and some laws vary for other reasons. One of the most controversial issues in modern professional sports is the mobility of professional sports franchises.

Technology Law

Technology law is the body of law that governs the use of technology. It is an area of law that oversees both public and private use of technology. The practice of technology law can mean a lot of different things depending on whether the attorney works for the government or works in private industry.

Taxation Law

Tax law or revenue law is an area of legal study in which public or sanctioned authorities, such as federal, state and municipal governments use a body of rules and procedures to assess and collect taxes in a legal context.

Women and Law

Women’s rights are defined as the freedoms, liberties and opportunities that women have, especially the opportunity to be treated equal to and given the same legal rights as men. The rights claimed for women, equal to those of men, with respect to suffrage, property, the professional fields, etc. for protecting and improving the lives of women and girls. 

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The article was first posted on 28th July 2022.


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